Authoritarianism and the built environment in three acts: Irrationality and social freedom

Through a bibliographic review and case studies, this paper aims to establish correlations between the built environment and notions of authoritarianism in capitalist society by identifying the imposition of autocratic policies that directly affect cities and their urban elements, the psychic structure of individuals shaped by capitalism, and, finally, the distinction between normative actions, perceived as rational, and pathological actions, perceived as irrational. Urban space and its components, such as architecture and art, are products of a hegemonic notion in which territorial organization materializes the social body. As a product, urban space produces a society driven by the desire for organization and a particular form of rationality that directly shapes individual subjectivities. Consequently, any way of life that deviates from the imposed rules—whether through laws or tacit social agreements—is automatically perceived as something to be expelled from the social body, akin to a disease. By revisiting perspectives that challenge rationalist ideals, it becomes possible to envision a new idea of freedom—an epistemology of irrationality. From this perspective, there is potential for new immanent forms of life, economy, cities, architecture, and engagement with subjectivity. This shift in thought could signal a rupture, seeking an alternative space for society beyond capitalism.

Essay submission was sponsored by RIO (Research and Innovation Office), and was presented at the Coquitlam campus on April 8, 2025, for Student Research Days 2025.